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Beit Beirut
Beit Beirut ((アラビア語:بيت بيروت ); literally "the house of Beirut") is a museum and urban cultural center that was scheduled to open in 2013 in Beirut's Ashrafieh neighborhood. The cultural center is in the restored Barakat building, also known as the "Yellow house", a historic landmark designed by Youssef Aftimus.
==History==
The Barakat house, commissioned by Nicholas and Victoria Barakat, was designed and built in 1924 by Lebanese architect Youssef Aftimus, the architect who created Beirut's city hall. In 1932 two more stories were added by architect Fouad Kozah, giving the building its current form.
Middle-class families lived in the building's eight spacious apartments until the outbreak of the Lebanese civil war, when Christian militiamen moved in. The Barakat building became a vantage point for snipers overlooking a combat zone; it ensured the control of the Sodeco crossroad because of its airy architecture and due to its location on the demarcation line that separated the warring factions.〔
The civil war devastated the Barakat building and neglect took its toll on the structure, which became the scene of repetitive acts of vandalism; it was sentenced for demolition in 1997 when the owners decided to sell the property. It was saved by Lebanese heritage activists, particularly architect Mona Hallak who first investigated the house in 1994 during one of her visits with the "Association pour la Protection des Sites et Anciennes Demeures au Liban" (APSAD), an independent organisation for the protection of historic monuments and buildings. Activists had articles about the structure published in the press almost on a daily basis, wrote petitions, and organized rallies in front of the building. Protestations finally led to the suspension of the decision to destroy the building. In 2003 the municipality of Beirut issued a decree of expropriation for public interest. The decree stated that the Barakat building will be restored to accommodate a memory museum and a cultural center (which will later be known as "Beit Beirut") with objects tracing the 7000-year history of the city. The decree also provisions the construction of a modern annex to the building on the empty lot around it, which will house offices of the municipality's urban planning department as well as an underground parking lot. The French government offered the Beirut municipality technical assistance with developing the building into a museum, but the team of cultural experts who were supposed to visit and advise on its development were delayed in 2006 and again in 2007 because of the political situation in Lebanon.The Beit Beirut project was delayed until the return of relative political stability in 2008. The project saw the collaboration between the municipality of Beirut, the City of Paris and the French embassy in Lebanon.〔〔〔 In 2009, Lebanese architect Youssef Haider was commissioned by the Beirut municipality to lead the building's restoration works. Even though Haidar had experience in rehabilitation as he had previously worked on the restoration of traditional buildings in downtown Beirut and Tripoli, his selection was contested since he was chosen without having recourse to an open competition. Haidar was assisted by a committee of architects formed by the Municipality of Paris; this committee has worked to develop the rehabilitation project of the museum and is formed by members from a variety of disciplines.〔The scientific committee is composed of May Hallak, architect Habib Debs (the former president of APSAD), Robert Saliba (who documented the architectural history of Beirut); in addition to representatives of the faculties of architecture in Lebanese universities, historians Serge Yazigi and Carla Edde , Sophie Broome who worked on the memory of the city in Paris, Lynn Maalouf, Frank Mérimée , the former director of the French Institute of the Near-East ifpo.〕〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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